Boundary: The most common way to score runs in cricket is by hitting the ball to or over the boundary rope. There are two types of boundaries:

• Four: When the ball reaches the boundary after bouncing on the ground, the batting team scores four runs.

• Six: When the ball clears the boundary without bouncing, the batting team scores six runs.

Running between the wickets: Batsmen can score runs by running back and forth between the two ends of the pitch. Each time both batsmen successfully reach the opposite crease, they score one run.

No Ball: If a bowler delivers a no-ball, the batting team is awarded one run. Additionally, any runs scored off that delivery are also added to the batting team's total.

Free-hit: An award to the batting side following certain no-ball infractions by the bowler, allowing the batsman an opportunity to play without the fear of getting out (except for a run-out).

Wide: If a bowler delivers a wide ball, the batting team is awarded one run. Additionally, any runs scored off that delivery are also added to the batting team's total.

Byes: If the ball passes the batsman and the wicketkeeper fails to stop it, the batting team may score runs called byes. These runs are credited to the batting team but are not scored off the bat.

Leg Byes: If the ball strikes the batsman's body or equipment and the batsmen run, the batting team may score leg byes. These runs are credited to the batting team but are not scored off the bat.

Overthrows: If a fielder's throw to the stumps misses its target and the batsmen complete a run or runs, the batting team may score additional runs due to the overthrow.

Penalty runs: In certain situations, the batting team may be awarded penalty runs, such as if the fielding team commits an obstruction or unfair play. These runs are added to the batting team's total.